Armenia's electricity consumption in 2024 reflects a transition towards low-carbon energy, with more than half of the electricity supplied by clean sources. Low-carbon electricity accounts for over 60% of total consumption, with nuclear power leading the pack at nearly 30%, followed by hydropower at around 20%. Solar energy, although smaller in share, contributes approximately 10%. Meanwhile, fossil fuels, primarily gas, make up close to 40% of the energy mix. The strong presence of nuclear and hydropower highlights Armenia's commitment to reducing emissions by investing in sustainable, low-carbon electricity sources.
Is Electricity Growing in Armenia?
Despite these significant steps towards clean energy, the overall electricity consumption per person in Armenia has seen a decline. In 2024, Armenians consumed 3029 kWh/person, which is 401 kWh less than the peak consumption recorded in 2022. This trend is similarly reflected in low-carbon electricity generation, which dropped from the 2022 figure of 2083 kWh/person to 1823 kWh/person in 2024, marking a decline of 260 kWh per person. This decrease in electricity consumption and low-carbon generation is concerning and could pose challenges to Armenia's aspirations for economic growth and sustainability.
Suggestions
To elevate its low-carbon electricity generation, Armenia could focus on expanding its existing nuclear energy capacity, enhancing a source that already contributes significantly to its clean energy mix. Learning from regions like Slovakia, where nuclear power constitutes 62% of the energy mix, Armenia can draw inspiration in further refining its nuclear infrastructure. Additionally, the country can look towards regions such as Lebanon and Chile, which demonstrate significant commitments to solar power, generating 31% and 22% of their electricity from solar, respectively. By tapping into both solar and nuclear expansion, Armenia can secure a sustainable and robust growth in clean electricity generation, positioning itself as a leader in low-carbon energy.
History
Historically, Armenia’s journey toward low-carbon electricity has witnessed significant fluctuations, particularly in nuclear power. In the mid-1990s, nuclear energy saw positive development with a notable rise in generation, particularly in 1996 when it increased by 2 TWh. However, the journey hasn't been smooth, with substantial declines reported in nuclear generation, such as the 0.7 TWh decrease in 1997, coupled with smaller drops in subsequent years. The hydropower sector also faced challenges, experiencing periods of decline, especially in the mid-1990s and early 2020s. Such setbacks, especially the declines in nuclear generation, demand critical evaluation and proactive measures to ensure consistent and sustainable growth in Armenia’s low-carbon electricity production.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.