Namibia's electricity consumption in 2023 reveals a strong reliance on imports, which account for more than half of its electricity supply. Low-carbon energy sources contribute to nearly 40% of the country's electricity, with hydropower making up about 28% and solar energy representing around 11%. This indicates a notable shift towards cleaner energy sources, though it still leaves room for growth and development to further reduce dependence on imported and fossil-generated electricity.

Is Electricity Growing in Namibia?

The current trends in electricity consumption indicate a decline in Namibia's electricity usage per person. The latest figure of 1566 kWh per person in 2023 marks a decrease of 307 kWh per person from the previous peak in 2014. Similarly, Namibia's low-carbon electricity generation has seen a reduction of 309 kWh per person since its record in 1991. This decline in both overall and clean electricity is concerning, especially considering global trends toward increased electrification and the pressing need to transition to low-carbon energy options to mitigate climate change.

Suggestions

To bolster its low-carbon electricity generation, Namibia should prioritize the expansion of its solar infrastructure, as solar is already a significant component of its clean energy mix. Looking at successful regions, lessons can be drawn from Nevada and California, where solar generations make up 35% and 31% respectively. These examples highlight the potential for solar energy in sunny regions. Additionally, exploring the development of nuclear energy can offer a steady and reliable clean energy source, as seen in France and Slovakia, where nuclear generation accounts for more than 65% of electricity. By learning from these regions, Namibia can strategize effectively to enhance its low-carbon energy portfolio.

History

Historically, Namibia's low-carbon electricity development has seen fluctuations, particularly in hydropower generation. Throughout the 1990s, changes were frequent, with decreases and increases occurring almost in equal measure. The early 2000s witnessed a period of minor gains and losses, maintaining a balance in hydroelectric output. Afterward, there were incremental increases, although declines in hydropower were noted again during the late 2010s. In 2019, Namibia began to diversify its low-carbon infrastructure by introducing solar energy to its generation mix. The recent growth in solar generation since then hints at an acknowledgment of the importance of diversifying clean energy sources to ensure a sustainable and resilient electricity supply in the future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade