As of 2022, electricity consumption in Guinea-Bissau is quite low, with only 38 kWh per person annually, a stark contrast to the global average of approximately 3,736 kWh per person. This low consumption figure suggests that Guinea-Bissau relies heavily on fossil fuels for electricity, with no contribution from low-carbon energy sources such as solar or nuclear power. The absence of clean energy sources highlights a significant dependency on traditional fossil fuels, which can lead to increased carbon emissions and environmental degradation. Low electricity levels can have substantial impacts on economic development and quality of life, limiting access to modern facilities and stunting growth in key sectors reliant on electricity.

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Is Electricity Growing in Guinea-Bissau?

The trend in electricity consumption in Guinea-Bissau indicates a worrying decline. The peak consumption was recorded in 2016 at 44 kWh/person, but this figure has since dropped by 6 kWh/person to the current level. Alarmingly, since 2000 there has been no incorporation of low-carbon energy generation into the country’s electricity mix, resulting in a stagnation of clean energy progress. A continued reliance on fossil fuels without any growth in low-carbon sources challenges efforts to combat climate change and improve air quality, further underscoring the urgent need for diversification and investment in the energy sector.

Suggestions

To foster growth in low-carbon electricity generation, Guinea-Bissau can look to successful regions around the world. Solar and wind energy can be particularly promising; countries like China and the US have demonstrated immense gains with solar and wind installations producing hundreds of TWh annually. Investment in solar energy, similar to efforts in Brazil and India, can rapidly scale up low-carbon electricity output. Additionally, pursuing nuclear power, like in France and the United States, could provide stable and carbon-free electricity. By drawing lessons from these regions, Guinea-Bissau can develop a robust strategy focused on transitioning to clean energy that matches its unique geographic and economic conditions.

History

In the past few decades, Guinea-Bissau has not experienced any significant changes in its low-carbon electricity landscape. The early 21st century has been a period of continued reliance on fossil fuels with zero recorded advancements in low-carbon electricity generation, be it solar, wind, or nuclear. The absence of both progress and commitment to incorporating clean energy sources is concerning in light of global trends toward sustainability and carbon reduction. A continued focus on fossil fuels without incorporating low-carbon sources threatens environmental health and hampers economic development. This stagnant history calls for immediate action to change the path forward, marking an urgent need for policy reforms and investments that channel resources into the establishment and growth of sustainable electricity infrastructure.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade