In 2022, New Caledonia's electricity consumption was predominantly driven by fossil energy. More than half of the electricity, nearly 74%, came from fossil fuels, with coal alone contributing about 37%. On the other hand, clean energy sources accounted for a little over a quarter of the electricity generation. Hydropower was the leading clean energy source, producing approximately 17% of the electricity. Solar energy followed, contributing around 7%, while wind energy offered a modest share of just over 1%. Despite the modest role of clean energy in the overall mix, any progress in this area is a positive step towards reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Is Electricity Growing in New Caledonia?

The trends in electricity consumption in New Caledonia indicate a decline from the peak observed in 2018. The latest electricity consumption figure of 10,763 kWh per person shows a decrease of 1,582 kWh compared to the historic peak. However, there is a bright spot in the growth of low-carbon electricity generation, which has reached a new high of 2,821 kWh per person. This marks an increase of 542 kWh compared to the previous record set in 2021. While the overall electricity consumption has dipped, the advancement in clean energy generation is a cause for optimism and represents a forward step towards a more sustainable energy future.

Suggestions

To bolster its low-carbon electricity generation, New Caledonia can learn valuable lessons from regions that have successfully increased the share of solar and nuclear energy in their electricity mix. States like Nevada and California have demonstrated how solar can account for over 30% of the electricity supply, showcasing the potential for solar expansion. Additionally, countries such as France and Slovakia deploy nuclear energy as a major source, generating nearly two-thirds of their electricity through this low-carbon technology. By investing in nuclear infrastructure and enhancing solar capacity, New Caledonia can further enhance its clean electricity generation, paving the way towards a greener and more sustainable future.

History

Looking at the history of low-carbon electricity in New Caledonia, fluctuations characterize the growth of hydropower. From the early 2000s, the development was gradual, with sporadic decreases and increases in generation. Noteworthy is the period from 2007 to 2010 and 2014 to 2018, where hydropower saw alternating years of slight increases and decreases. The late 2010s marked notable progress with the introduction of solar power, contributing steadily to New Caledonia's electricity generation from 2019. The year 2022 was significant, as clean electricity sources gained ground with both hydropower and solar adding to their contributions. This history highlights a positive trajectory for clean energy development despite past fluctuations.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade