Electricity in French Polynesia in 2022

In 2022, French Polynesia's electricity consumption leaned heavily on fossil fuels, which accounted for more than half of the total electricity generation at approximately 66%. In contrast, low-carbon energy sources contributed around one-third of the electricity supply. Among these clean energies, hydropower was the dominant source, providing almost 27% of electricity, while solar energy contributed a smaller yet significant portion of just over 7%. Despite these strides, the reliance on fossil fuels suggests there is considerable room for improvement in expanding the share of low-carbon energy sources, which are crucial for mitigating climate change and reducing air pollution.

Suggestions

To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, French Polynesia could draw inspiration from countries that have successfully diversified their energy mix. Given its geographical profile, focusing on solar energy could be beneficial; for instance, Lebanon generates approximately 31% of its electricity from solar power, showcasing the viability of solar production even in smaller nations. Additionally, wind energy presents a promising opportunity, as seen in countries like Denmark, where wind energy contributes over half of the electricity. While nuclear energy remains a highly efficient and stable source of low-carbon power—as demonstrated by France with a remarkable 68% of its electricity supplied by nuclear—it may not be the first choice for French Polynesia due to its specific size and unique geographic circumstances. Nonetheless, integrating lessons from both small and large countries could aid in transitioning towards a more sustainable electricity generation system.

History

Historically, French Polynesia's journey towards low-carbon electricity has seen modest changes over the years. In the early 2000s, there was a consistent focus on hydropower, though no substantial growth was observed for a significant period. It wasn't until 2010 when hydropower saw a slight increase of 0.1 TWh, only to dip by the same amount in 2011. Around the same time, solar energy began gaining traction, though initial growth was minimal, with no notable increases until recent years. By continuously integrating more solar solutions, there has been a gradual movement towards cleaner electricity, with current data reflecting its upward trend. This stable yet cautious approach underlines French Polynesia's commitment to incrementally strengthening its low-carbon energy infrastructure.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources