2% of global electricity is generated from Biofuels

Biofuels represent a form of energy derived from organic materials, such as plant and animal waste. This type of energy can be converted into liquid fuels like ethanol and biodiesel, which are commonly used in transportation. However, biofuels are not limited to transportation and have also found a role in electricity generation. Through the process of combustion, the chemical energy stored in biofuels is converted into thermal energy, which is then used to produce steam that drives a turbine, generating electricity. This makes biofuels a form of low-carbon, sustainable energy that can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions when compared to fossil fuels.

In terms of generating electricity, the process involves burning biological materials to heat water and create steam. This steam drives turbines connected to generators, subsequently producing electricity. Biofuels' role in electricity generation, while more modest compared to sources like wind, nuclear, and solar, still enables diversification within the energy supply, offering a reliable source of electricity in various regions around the globe. In 2022, biofuels accounted for about 1.81% of global electricity consumption, indicating its place as a noteworthy albeit small contributor within the energy mix.

The advantages of biofuels as a low-carbon electricity source are reflected in their relative carbon intensity. Biofuels have a carbon intensity of 230 gCO2eq/kWh, which, although higher than wind (11 gCO2eq/kWh), nuclear (12 gCO2eq/kWh), and solar (45 gCO2eq/kWh), is significantly lower than coal (820 gCO2eq/kWh) and natural gas (490 gCO2eq/kWh). This positions biofuels as a more sustainable and cleaner source of electricity compared to conventional fossil fuels, helping to mitigate climate change and reduce air pollution. This highlights the importance of continuing to develop and expand clean energy technologies, such as nuclear and solar, which are crucial in securing a sustainable energy future.

Biofuels also contribute substantially to the electricity supply mix in several regions. For example, countries like Finland and states like Maine generate 11% of their electricity from biofuels. Lithuania takes it further by sourcing 19% of its electricity from biofuels, and similarly, Denmark relies on biofuels for 15% of its electricity. Places like Martinique have incorporated biofuels into their electricity mix, with 17% of their electricity coming from this source. These examples underscore the role that biofuels can play in diversifying the energy supply and reducing dependency on more carbon-intensive energy sources. However, for a truly sustainable energy future, nations must also prioritize the growth of ultra-low-carbon sources such as nuclear and solar to meet increasing electricity demands while combating climate change.

Overall, as we continue striving for a cleaner, more sustainable energy future, it is essential to support the expansion of low-carbon technologies. By increasing the share of electricity generation from sources like nuclear and solar, we can significantly reduce our carbon footprint and work towards a more sustainable world. In contrast to the detrimental impacts of fossil fuels, clean energy technologies like biofuels—and particularly wind, nuclear, and solar—offer the promise of a cleaner, more sustainable, and efficient energy landscape. Electrification, especially clean electrification, is vital for future economic and technological advancements, including AI development.