In the latest assessment of electricity consumption in Canada, over three-quarters of the electricity used comes from low-carbon sources, which is a positive indicator of the country's commitment to cleaner energy. Specifically, hydropower alone accounts for more than half of the electricity at approximately 56%, highlighting its vast contribution to the power grid. Following closely is nuclear, contributing significantly to the nation's low-carbon electricity with over 13%. Wind energy also plays a vital role providing just under 8% of the electricity, adding to the green energy mix. On the other hand, fossil energy, primarily derived from gas and coal, still makes up about a fifth of the overall consumption, which includes over 15% from gas and almost 4% from coal. Biofuels and solar energy currently contribute marginally, with close to none from each, indicating areas for potential expansion in the future. This data spans from May 2024 to April 2025, showing that Canada is making strides towards a cleaner energy landscape.
Is Electricity Growing in Canada?
Canada's journey in electricity consumption reveals a downward trend when comparing the current figures to historical records. The latest consumption per person stands at approximately 15,682 kWh, which is significantly lower than the record figure of 19,607 kWh per person recorded back in 2000, reflecting a decrease of about 3,925 kWh. This dip indicates that despite the potential for growth and the need for increased electricity to support technological advancement and electrification, overall consumption hasn't yet begun to trend upwards. When it comes to low-carbon electricity generation, the current figure of 12,530 kWh per person also falls short of the record 15,263 kWh per person set in 1996. This decline of approximately 2,733 kWh underscores the pressing need for investments and policy changes aimed at boosting clean energy production to meet future demands sustainably.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Canada should prioritize the expansion of nuclear energy, leveraging its existing infrastructure to boost production. Countries like France and Slovakia offer remarkable examples, where nuclear generates between 64% and 69% of electricity, respectively, showcasing the potential when commitment meets capability. Additionally, wind and solar energy should receive increased attention, taking cues from the success seen in states like Iowa and Denmark, where wind accounts for substantial portions of electricity generation at 62% and 57%, respectively. Solar energy, although contributing minimally in Canada, holds significant promise. Observing Lebanon's achievement with solar energy contributing 31% demonstrates that with appropriate investments and strategies, solar can become a pivotal part of Canada's clean energy future. By learning from these successful regions, Canada can strategically enhance its clean electricity output, ensure sustainability, and combat issues linked to fossil fuel reliance.
History
Examining Canada's historical data reveals fluctuating trends in low-carbon electricity contributions. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, hydroelectricity experienced periods of substantial growth, with significant increases in generation, peaking in 1984. The 1990s saw nuclear energy gain momentum, with notable increases in 1993 and 1994, marking a period of expansion. However, the turn of the millennium ushered in declines, particularly in hydroelectric generation, with sharp drops in 2001 and fluctuations that continued into the 2020s. Despite this volatility, 2011 saw a noteworthy surge in hydroelectricity, indicating potential for rebounds. Recent years highlight the vulnerability and inconsistencies within hydropower, as seen in 2023 and 2024, raising concerns over its reliability in meeting future demands. To counter these challenges, Canada's focus should shift towards bolstering nuclear and expanding solar capabilities to ensure a resilient and sustainable electricity supply for the future.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.