In 2023, electricity consumption in Saudi Arabia remains overwhelmingly reliant on fossil fuels. Almost 99% of the electricity is generated from fossil energy sources, with gas contributing close to two-thirds of the total consumption. Low-carbon energy sources, primarily solar power, account for a mere 1.36% of Saudi Arabia's electricity generation. This indicates a substantial opportunity for the country to diversify its energy mix by increasing its reliance on clean energy options to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, which contribute to climate change and air pollution.

Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and IEA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Saudi Arabia?

Electricity consumption in Saudi Arabia is on a growth trajectory. The latest figures show that electricity consumption stands at 12,712 kWh per person, marking an increase from the previous record of 12,543 kWh per person in 2021. This uptick is a positive indication of the rising demand for electricity, potentially driven by economic development and technological advancements. More encouraging is the growth in low-carbon electricity generation, which has increased to 173 kWh per person from 71 kWh per person the previous year. The increase of 103 kWh per person showcases a significant leap in the country's efforts toward a sustainable energy future.

Suggestions

To build on this momentum, Saudi Arabia can look to other regions that have successfully integrated low-carbon energy sources. Countries like France and Slovakia showcase the potential of nuclear energy, generating more than two-thirds of their electricity from this clean source. Additionally, states in the United States, such as Nevada and California, have achieved notable success with solar energy, producing approximately a third of their electricity from solar power. By adopting similar strategies, Saudi Arabia can significantly boost its low-carbon electricity generation, thereby enhancing its energy security and reducing its environmental footprint. Expanding solar and nuclear energy, in particular, could provide a robust foundation for Saudi Arabia’s clean energy expansion.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Saudi Arabia has been modest but is now showing signs of promise. In the early 2010s, solar energy did not register any significant increases in electricity generation. However, starting around 2015, there was a slight uptick, with a more notable increase in 2023 when solar energy contributed an additional 3.5 TWh to the electricity grid. Wind energy has shown minor contributions, with a notable gain in 2022. The recent focus on expanding solar indicates a strategic pivot, and continued investment in these technologies, complemented by potential nuclear developments, could greatly accelerate Saudi Arabia's journey toward a sustainable and diversified electricity portfolio.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade