Electricity in Mali in 2023

In 2023, Mali's electricity consumption is characterized by a mix of fossil fuels and low-carbon energy sources. With fossil fuels contributing about 2.5 TWh and low-carbon sources, including hydropower, generating around 1.86 TWh, Mali relies more on fossil energy than clean energy for its electricity needs. Hydropower alone accounts for almost all the low-carbon electricity generation with approximately 1.64 TWh. Compared to the global average of 3813 watts per person, Mali's electricity generation per capita is significantly lower. This low level of electricity generation can hinder economic development, limit access to modern amenities, and reduce overall quality of life for Mali's population.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Mali can learn from countries that have successfully expanded their clean energy capacity. Looking at nations with substantial gains in wind and solar energy, Mali could consider investing in these technologies, leveraging its geographical and climatic advantages. For example, Brazil and India have both made notable strides in wind and solar electricity generation, producing 108 TWh and 134 TWh respectively from these sources. These countries demonstrate that scaling up solar and wind power is feasible and can significantly contribute to a nation’s low-carbon electricity supply. Furthermore, nuclear energy, with significant contributions from countries like France (379 TWh) and China (445 TWh), offers a reliable clean energy option that Mali can consider for long-term energy security.

History

Mali's journey in expanding low-carbon electricity has seen steady developments, particularly in hydropower, with notable increases in certain years. In the early 2000s, biofuels contributed slightly to the electricity supply, while incremental changes in hydropower were recorded, such as in 2005 and between 2008 and 2010, indicating periods of growth. Hydropower faced fluctuating developments in the 2010s, with some years experiencing increases, like in 2016 and 2022, while others saw declines. In 2020, solar energy began to make its presence known in Mali's electricity landscape, marking a new chapter in the country's clean energy journey. Such shifts highlight Mali's ongoing efforts to enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, setting a foundation for a sustainable future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources