In 2023, Mauritius relies heavily on fossil energy sources, with more than 80% of its electricity generated from fossil fuels, including over a third from coal. In contrast, low-carbon energy sources account for just over 17% of the electricity generated in the country. Within the low-carbon segment, biofuels provide around 10% of the electricity, solar energy contributes almost 5%, and hydropower plays a smaller role with nearly 3%. The significant reliance on fossil fuels raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impacts, particularly related to climate change and air pollution, highlighting the need for a transition to cleaner energy sources.
Is Electricity Growing in Mauritius?
Electricity consumption in Mauritius has experienced a slight increase, with the latest figures reaching 2568 kWh per person, marking a 56 kWh boost from the 2019 record of 2511 kWh per person. Despite this growth, the proportion of low-carbon electricity generation has seen a decline, reducing from a previous peak of 546 kWh per person in 2020 to 448 kWh per person in 2023, indicating a drop of 98 kWh per person. This trend poses a challenge as it underscores the necessity for Mauritius to focus on enhancing its clean electricity share, essential for meeting future demand and environmental objectives.
Suggestions
To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Mauritius can draw inspiration from successful regions that have effectively harnessed both solar and nuclear power. For instance, countries like Lebanon and Cyprus have prominently boosted their solar generation, contributing 31% and 22% respectively. Additionally, the success of nuclear energy in France, generating 69% of its electricity, offers a robust model for elevating clean energy supply. By investing in these proven strategies, Mauritius can diversify its energy mix, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and support sustainable development goals.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Mauritius has been a story of modest increments. In the late 20th century and the early 2000s, there were small, steady increases mainly in biofuels, with a notable introduction of solar power in 2019. During the 1990s and 2000s, hydropower also saw minimal fluctuations but remained a minimal contributor to the energy mix. While these gradual developments indicate progress, the current decline in low-carbon electricity utilization needs urgent redress to align Mauritius with a sustainable and resilient energy future. By learning from global leaders in clean energy, Mauritius can strive to transform its electricity landscape, rapidly expanding both solar and nuclear capacities.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.