In the Central African Republic, electricity consumption remains remarkably low, with the country generating 27 kWh per person in 2022. This is strikingly lower than the global average of 3781 kWh per person. In terms of energy sources, close to all of the electricity produced in the Central African Republic comes from low-carbon sources, primarily hydropower, with fossil fuels contributing almost nothing to the current energy mix. The extremely low levels of electricity consumption and generation have far-reaching implications, notably stymying economic growth, limiting access to modern technology, and hindering improvements in quality of life. Increased electricity generation, especially from clean sources, will be critical for the country's development.
Is Electricity Growing in Central African Republic?
Observing the trends in electricity growth, the Central African Republic is not experiencing an upward trajectory. In fact, electricity consumption and particularly low-carbon generation, have faced declines compared to their historical peaks. The latest electricity consumption rate of 27 kWh/person shows a decrease from the record consumption of 39 kWh/person in 2011. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation has also decreased from its peak in 2014 of 37 kWh/person. A decrease of 12 kWh/person in total consumption and 9 kWh/person in low-carbon generation over these years indicates a concerning trend. The ongoing decline in electricity consumption and clean energy generation could hinder the country's ability to transition to a more sustainable and prosperous future.
Suggestions
To spur growth in low-carbon electricity generation, the Central African Republic can draw inspiration from various global regions excelling in different clean energy sectors. Solar and wind energy may be particularly relevant, given their suitability for a broad range of geographies. For instance, regions like India and Australia have substantial contributions from solar energy, demonstrating how tapping into abundant sunlight can enhance electricity generations. Wind energy is another viable option, with countries like Brazil and the United Kingdom exemplifying its effectiveness in diversifying energy portfolios. Additionally, investing in nuclear energy, as done successfully by countries like France, South Korea, and the United Kingdom, can provide Central African Republic with a reliable, consistent base load power source, setting the stage for sustainable energy growth.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity generation in the Central African Republic has remained relatively unchanged, with hydropower consistently providing energy throughout the 21st century. Starting with a minor increase in 2000, hydropower electricity generation then plateaued from 2001 to 2018 and in 2022, maintaining a trend of negligible growth. This stagnation underscores the need for proactive steps toward diversifying the country's clean energy sources. Without such efforts, the possibility of expanding electricity coverage and improving energy security remains limited. By embracing cleaner energy strategies, the Central African Republic can overcome the stagnation of past decades, leading to a brighter and more sustainable energy future.