In 2023, the United Arab Emirates predominantly relies on fossil fuels for electricity, with gas accounting for more than two-thirds of the energy mix. Nevertheless, the country has made significant strides towards clean energy, generating almost 28% of its electricity from low-carbon sources. Nuclear power leads this segment, contributing close to 20%, while solar energy makes up over 8%. This blend highlights the UAE's commitment to diversifying its energy sources and transitioning to more sustainable electricity generation practices. These efforts are crucial in addressing climate change and reducing air pollution, as they shift focus from fossil fuel dependence to cleaner and more reliable energy sources.
Is Electricity Growing in United Arab Emirates?
Electricity consumption in the UAE is on an upward trajectory. In 2023, the per capita electricity consumption reached 15,509 kWh, surpassing the previous high recorded in 2021 by 261 kWh per person. Even more pronounced is the increase in low-carbon electricity consumption, which rose dramatically from 2,720 kWh per person in 2022 to 4,333 kWh in 2023, marking an impressive increase of 1,613 kWh per person. This upward trend in both overall and clean electricity use reflects the growing demand for energy in tandem with economic development and increased electrification, while also showcasing the UAE's positive shift towards sustainable growth.
Suggestions
To further advance its clean energy objectives, the UAE could expand its existing nuclear infrastructure, a reliable source of large-scale low-carbon electricity. Lessons can be learned from regions like France and Slovakia, where nuclear power contributes around 69% and 64% of their electricity, respectively. In addition to nuclear expansion, enhancing solar power capabilities would be beneficial. For example, Lebanon achieves 31% of its electricity from solar energy, serving as an inspiring model for maximizing solar potential. By drawing from these examples, the UAE can bolster its green energy production, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and positioning itself as a leader in sustainable electricity generation.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in the UAE illustrates a rapid evolution, especially in recent years. Starting with negligible solar contributions in the late 2000s to early 2010s, significant growth has occurred since 2017, with solar additions reaching 6 TWh in 2023 alone. The inception of nuclear power has also been transformative. From its introduction in 2020 with 1.6 TWh, nuclear generation surged unexpectedly to 12.2 TWh by 2023, reinforcing its role in the UAE's energy mix. Meanwhile, wind and biofuels play minor roles in the overall picture, offering potential areas for further development. This dynamic progression underscores the UAE's commitment to a cleaner energy future, ensuring a sustainable and resilient electricity network for years to come.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.