Vermont's electricity consumption in 2025 reveals a clear reliance on imports, with close to 60% of its electricity being imported. The state significantly sources its electricity from low-carbon alternatives, contributing over 40% of its total electricity, with hydropower leading at almost 20%. Solar energy, including utility and behind-the-meter installations, accounts for more than 10%, while wind and biofuels have shares of over 6% each. Vermont's substantial leaning on low-carbon energy is commendable, but its heavy dependency on imports highlights a pressing need to bolster local clean energy generation.
Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Vermont?
Electricity consumption per capita in Vermont is on the rise, with the 2025 figures reaching 9576 kWh/person, surpassing the previous 2024 record of 9251 kWh/person. This increase of 325 kWh/person indicates growing demand, consistent with the broader electrification trends. However, Vermont's low-carbon electricity generation has experienced a decline, with the latest figure recorded at 3835 kWh/person, falling against the 2023 peak of 4182 kWh/person—a reduction of 346 kWh/person. This shortfall in low-carbon growth amidst rising consumption is concerning as it could increase reliance on imports and fossil fuels, countering climate goals.
Suggestions
To strengthen its clean electricity framework, Vermont could take inspiration from regions with notable low-carbon achievements. Denmark and Iowa exemplify excellence in wind energy, contributing around 60% and 58%, respectively, to their electricity generation. Incorporating these lessons, Vermont can boost wind capacities. Simultaneously, nuclear is a standout in states like New Hampshire, offering over half of its electricity, showcasing the transformative power of nuclear investments. Vermont can benefit by diversifying its clean portfolio with solar and nuclear, embracing these technologies to scale sustainable electricity and cater to rising demands while minimizing pollution.
History
Historically, Vermont's low-carbon electricity generation has experienced limited fluctuations. In the mid-2020s, a decrease in hydropower generation by 0.3 TWh in 2024 followed by another 0.1 TWh reduction in 2025 has been observed, while wind and biofuels generation has largely remained steady in both years. Despite the setbacks in hydropower, consistent wind and biofuels generation reflect a stabilization trend. Addressing the hydropower diminishment and replicating successful nuclear and solar ventures in other regions will be key to Vermont's sustainable growth and energy independence in the coming decades.
