In the timeframe from June 2024 to May 2025, Vermont's electricity landscape was dominated by imports, with more than half of its electricity—about 57%—being brought in from other regions. Low-carbon energy sources contributed significantly to the state's electricity, providing about 43% of Vermont's needs. Hydropower played the largest role among these clean sources, making up roughly a quarter of the total electricity consumption. Other low-carbon sources like biofuels and wind energy each contributed approximately 7% and 7% respectively, while solar power accounted for nearly 4%. The nearly balanced mix of local clean energy indicates Vermont's commitment towards reducing its reliance on fossil-based energies, aiming for a greener future.
Is Electricity Growing in Vermont?
Despite these efforts, Vermont's total electricity consumption has declined since its peak in 2009. The latest data indicates that per capita electricity consumption stands at 8,870 kWh, a notable decrease from 11,655 kWh in 2009. More concerning is the trend in low-carbon electricity generation, which has dropped substantially from a high of 11,644 kWh per person in 2009 to just 3,803 kWh per person now, a decrease of 7,842 kWh. This decline necessitates immediate attention and action, as electricity consumption is vital for economic growth, electrification, and meeting future demands, especially as we integrate more technology and AI into daily life.
Suggestions
To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Vermont can look towards successful regions for inspiration and strategy. Harnessing greater solar and nuclear energy should be priority, taking cues from countries like France and states like New Hampshire where nuclear energy comprises significant portions of their electricity—up to 69% and 55% respectively. Additionally, Vermont can expand its wind energy capacity similar to what Iowa has achieved with wind providing 62% of their electricity. Lessons can also be drawn from Lebanon and Nevada, highlighting the potential of solar power where it accounts for 31% and 29% respectively. Emphasizing the development of these clean energy sources will enable Vermont to contribute more effectively to global carbon reduction efforts and energize its economy sustainably.
History
Tracing back Vermont’s history in low-carbon electricity, the mid-2000s to the early 2010s marked a mix of progress and setback. The expansion of nuclear energy from 2005 to 2009 contributed positively to Vermont's green energy profile. However, starting in 2010, Vermont saw intermittent declines and modest growth in hydro and nuclear energy provisions, significantly impacting its low-carbon energy landscape. The early 2010s showcased minor advancements with the marginal increase of biofuels and wind energy. Notably, nuclear energy's decline post-2010, despite being a minimal and clean energy source, represents a missed opportunity for substantial low-carbon electricity generation. As we continue into the 2020s, reinvigorating these sectors, with an emphasis on solar and nuclear, will be crucial for a sustainable electricity future in Vermont.